{"id":758,"date":"2017-01-03T16:20:51","date_gmt":"2017-01-03T16:20:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/accesis.ro\/blog\/?p=758"},"modified":"2022-04-07T08:49:47","modified_gmt":"2022-04-07T08:49:47","slug":"conectori-in-limba-germana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/accesis.ro\/blog\/conectori-in-limba-germana\/","title":{"rendered":"Conectori \u00een limba german\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

         <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Conectorii sunt acele cuvinte care leag\u0103 propozi\u0163iile sau cuvintele \u00eentre ele <\/strong>(Vreau s\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u0163 german\u0103 cu<\/strong> profesorul acesta, \u00eens\u0103<\/strong> nu am timp.) Cu<\/strong><\/em> este aici o prepozi\u0163ie, iar \u00eens\u0103<\/strong><\/em> o conjunc\u0163ie.<\/p>\n

De ce avem nevoie de conectori?<\/p>\n

Ei bine, ei nu doar leag\u0103 propozi\u0163iile \u00een mod semantic \u015fi sintactic, ci au o \u00eensemn\u0103tate mai profund\u0103, de sens.<\/p>\n

Din experien\u0163a mea de interpret pot spune c\u0103 aceste mici cuvin\u0163ele sunt esen\u0163iale pentru urmarirea firului logic al unei \u00eentampl\u0103ri<\/strong>, pentru deducerea faptelor \u015fi informa\u0163iilor dintr-un discurs politic, pentru \u00een\u0163elgerea evenimentelor tip cauz\u0103-efect atunci c\u00e2nd vine vorba de un discurs de economie, pentru o corecta \u00een\u0163elegere \u00een sine a oric\u0103rui mesaj articulat, mai lung de o propozi\u0163ie.<\/p>\n

\u00cen german\u0103, spre deosebire de celelalte limbi latine, ori slave, ori chiar anglo-saxone, anumi\u0163i conectori (conjunc\u0163ii) pot cere verbului s\u0103 mearg\u0103 la finalul propozi\u0163iei.<\/p>\n

Astfel, c\u00e2nd ve\u0163i vedea cuvinte de tipul \u201cweil\u201d<\/strong>(pentru c\u0103<\/strong>, conjunc\u0163ie<\/strong>) ve\u0163i \u015fti s\u0103 c\u0103uta\u0163i \u00een propozi\u0163ia ce urmeaz\u0103 verbul abia la sf\u00e2rs\u015ftul propozi\u0163iei.<\/p>\n

Astfel, anumi\u0163i conectori(\u00een mare parte conjunc\u0163ii) devin esen\u0163iali \u00een stabilirea rela\u0163iilor dintre dou\u0103 propozi\u0163ii \u015fi de aceea este important s\u0103 \u00eei \u015ftim bine atunci c\u00e2nd \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m o limb\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103.<\/p>\n

Conectorii sunt  conjunc\u0163ii sau prepozi\u0163ii,<\/strong> fiecare determin\u00e2nd un alt tip de structur\u0103.\u00cen general, prepozi\u0163iile leag\u0103 elementele unei propozi\u0163ii iar conjunc\u0163iile leag\u0103 propozi\u0163iile \u00eentre ele.Destul de simplu, nu?Exact ca \u00een limba rom\u00e2n\u0103.<\/p>\n

Spre deosebire de conjunc\u0163ii, prepozi\u0163iile nu schimb\u0103 ordinea cuvintelor \u00een propozi\u0163ie<\/strong>, \u00eens\u0103 mai mereu determin\u0103 cazul substantivului sau al pronumelui pe lang\u0103 care st\u0103. Astfel, prepozi\u0163iile stabilesc ce rela\u0163ie are cuv\u00e2ntul pe care \u00eel determin\u0103 cu celelalte elemente ale propozi\u0163iei (cu, f\u0103r\u0103, pentru, de la) \u015fi este esen\u0163ial s\u0103 le \u015ftim foarte bine.<\/p>\n

\u00cen german\u0103, c\u00e2teva cuvinte pot fi \u015fi conjunc\u0163ii \u015fi prepozi\u0163ii<\/strong>, \u015fi ne d\u0103m seama de func\u0163ia lor prin determinarea rolului pe care \u00eel \u00eendeplinesc. Dac\u0103 leag\u0103 dou\u0103 propozi\u0163ii vor fi conjunc\u0163ii, dac\u0103 leag\u0103 elementele unei propozi\u0163ii vor fi prepozi\u0163ii.<\/p>\n

Ich esse Hot dog, seit<\/em><\/span> ich in Amerika bin<\/strong>. (M\u0103n\u00e2nc hot dog din moment ce sunt \u00een America.) Vs Ich esse seit<\/em><\/span> eine Stunde ein Hot dog<\/strong>(M\u0103n\u00e2nc un hot dog de o or\u0103).<\/p>\n

Cuvintele din englez\u0103 before<\/em> \u015fi after<\/em> au \u015fi ele coresponden\u0163ii lor \u00een german\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 pu\u0163in modificate: nachdem<\/strong> \u015fi bevor<\/strong> vor fi conjunc\u0163ii, iar nach<\/strong> \u015fi vor<\/strong> vor fi prepozi\u0163ii.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2teva exemple de conjunc\u0163ii coordonatoare(ce nu modific\u0103 pozi\u0163ia verbului).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
und<\/a><\/td>\nAnd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
denn<\/a><\/td>\nbecause<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sondern<\/a><\/td>\nbut (rather)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
aber<\/a><\/td>\nbut<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
oder<\/a><\/td>\nor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
beziehungsweise<\/a><\/td>\nor, or more precisely<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
allein<\/a> [rare]<\/td>\nbut (unfortunately)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
doch<\/a><\/td>\nbut, however<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
jedoch<\/a><\/td>\nbut, however<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e2teva exemple de conjunc\u0163ii subordonatoare(ce modific\u0103 pozi\u0163ia verbului, duc\u00e2ndu-l la finalul propozi\u0163iei).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
bevor<\/a><\/td>\nBefore<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ehe<\/a><\/td>\nBefore<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
nachdem<\/a><\/td>\nAfter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
w\u00e4hrend<\/a><\/td>\nduring, while, whereas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
seit, seitdem<\/a><\/td>\nsince (for time, not for “because”)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bis<\/a><\/td>\nuntil, by<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
als<\/a><\/td>\nwhen (past events)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
wenn<\/a><\/td>\nwhen (pres. & fut.), whenever, if<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
wann<\/a><\/td>\nwhen (questions only)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
obwohl<\/a><\/td>\nalthough [can also use obgleich<\/a>[less common] and obschon<\/a>[least common]]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
als ob, als wenn, als<\/a><\/td>\nas if<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
solange<\/a><\/td>\nas long as<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sooft<\/a><\/td>\nas often as (whenever)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sobald<\/a><\/td>\nas soon as<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
da<\/a><\/td>\nBecause<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
weil<\/a><\/td>\nBecause<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
indem<\/a><\/td>\nby …-ing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
wenn<\/a><\/td>\nif, when<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ob<\/a><\/td>\nwhether, if [use only<\/strong> if you could say “whether” in English]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
falls<\/a><\/td>\nin case, if<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
um…zu<\/a><\/td>\nin order to<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
damit<\/a><\/td>\nso that<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
so dass<\/a><\/td>\nso that<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dass<\/a><\/td>\nThat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u015ei c\u00e2teva exemple de conjunc\u0163ii formate din dou\u0103 p\u0103r\u0163i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
entweder…oder<\/a><\/td>\neither…or<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
weder…noch<\/a><\/td>\nneither…nor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sowohl…als auch<\/a><\/td>\nboth…and<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
einerseits…andererseits<\/a><\/td>\non one hand…on the other hand<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bald…bald<\/a><\/td>\nsometimes…sometimes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mal…mal<\/a><\/td>\nsometimes…sometimes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\"1<\/p>\n\n\n

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